Load modelling and non-intrusive load monitoring to integrate distributed energy resources in low and medium voltage networks

In many countries distributed energy resources (DER) (e.g. photovoltaics, batteries, wind turbines, electric vehicles, heat pumps, air-conditioning units and smart domestic appliances) are part of the ‘Green Deal’ to deliver a climate neutral society. Policy roadmaps, despite providing framework penetration targets for DER, often lack network planning strategies needed transition from passive active distribution networks. Currently, DER's dynamic performance parameters location identification techniques not fully standardised. fact, it can be very ad hoc . Standardised load modelling non-intrusive monitoring (NILM) equipment manufacturers, installers operators is critical low medium voltage management in order facilitate better balancing, flexibility electricity trading across within power system mass DER deployment. The aim this paper fill NILM knowledge gap DERto inform support standardisation. paper, existing methodologies critically examined guide research activity, development regulator thinking, as well operators. Seven key findings that need urgent attention identified smooth reconfiguration. • A thorough review methods on networks provided. Efficacies between 65% 95% conventional exist. Increasing penetrations creating technological challenges Optimum integration vital reliability. aspects enable massification established.